Language plays a significant role in our everyday communication. We often categorize language into two forms – Standard and Nonstandard. These two types of language have specific characteristics that distinguish them from one another. While both forms exist and are used for communication purposes, there are several differences between them. In this article, we will delve deeper into these differences by understanding the definition, usage, and characteristics of Standard and Nonstandard language.
Standard language is the form of language that is accepted and used by the majority of speakers in a particular dialect or language community. It is considered the standard because it conforms to the grammatical rules and conventions of that particular language. Standard language can be seen as highly specialized, as it takes into account the various dialects and variations within a particular language and establishes a single form that becomes the norm for writing and speaking. For example, in English, standard language includes the rules and conventions of grammar, punctuation, and spelling that are used in academic writing or formal communication.
On the other hand, Nonstandard language refers to the varieties of language that do not conform to the established norms and conventions of standard language. This form of language is often considered more informal and spoken in everyday conversations among friends and family. Nonstandard language may include colloquial terms, slang, and regional dialects that deviate from the standard form. For example, instead of saying “hello” in standard language, someone might use “hey” or “hi” in a nonstandard form. Nonstandard language is also known by terms such as “vernacular” or “colloquial language.”
One of the main differences between standard and nonstandard language is their usage. Standard language is primarily used in formal settings such as formal speeches, books, newspapers, and academic writing. It is also used in situations where the speaker or writer wants to convey a sense of professionalism and authority. In contrast, nonstandard language is more commonly used in informal situations such as everyday conversations, social media platforms, and texting. Nonstandard language is also used to create a sense of familiarity and belonging among a group of people.
Another significant difference between the two forms of language is the level of acceptance and social prestige associated with each. Standard language is considered the “proper” and prestigious form of language, while nonstandard language is often stigmatized and seen as less educated. Speakers of nonstandard language may face discrimination and stereotypes due to their use of informal language. This can lead to linguistic discrimination, where nonstandard language speakers may be seen as less intelligent or competent compared to speakers of standard language.
Moreover, there are also differences in the rules and conventions of both forms of language. Standard language follows a set of grammar, punctuation, and spelling rules that have been standardized and accepted by a particular language community. For example, in standard English, a sentence must have a subject and a verb, and nouns must agree with their respective pronouns. In contrast, nonstandard language may not necessarily follow these strict rules and may be more flexible and adaptable to suit the needs of the speaker. Nonstandard language also has its own set of slang terms and expressions that are not found in standard language.
To better illustrate the differences between standard and nonstandard language, let’s look at an example. Consider the sentence, “I ain’t gonna go to the store.” In standard English, this would translate to “I am not going to go to the store.” Here, we can see the use of nonstandard language in the words “ain’t” and “gonna,” which are not often used in formal settings or considered acceptable by the grammatical rules of standard language.
In conclusion, standard and nonstandard language are two forms of language with distinct characteristics and usage. Standard language is the accepted and prestigious form of language that adheres to strict rules and conventions, while nonstandard language deviates from these rules and is more commonly used in informal situations. Both forms of language play a significant role in communication and have their own place in our society. It is important to recognize and respect the differences between the two forms and use them appropriately in different situations.