Tropic of Cancer, a novel written by Henry Miller in 1934, is considered a classic of American literature and has since attained a cult following. However, even after almost a century since its publication, the book continues to court controversy and criticism for its explicit language, graphic sexual content, and perceived misogyny. Let’s delve into some of the critiques and controversies surrounding this once-banned book.

Firstly, Tropic of Cancer has faced widespread condemnation for its explicit language and graphic sexual content. Miller’s writing is raw, gritty and unapologetically explicit, with explicit descriptions of sex and language that shocked readers upon its release. The book was promptly banned in several countries and was only published in the United States in 1961, after a landmark obscenity trial. Some critics argue that this explicitness is just a cheap trick to shock and titillate readers, lacking any real literary merit. However, others see it as a reflection of Miller’s unflinching honesty and his disdain for societal norms and morality.

Secondly, Tropic of Cancer has also been accused of promoting misogyny and objectifying women. The book is narrated by Miller’s alter-ego, a struggling writer living in Paris, who constantly objectifies and degrades the women he encounters. Critics argue that the book depicts women as mere objects to satisfy the desires of male characters, perpetuating harmful gender stereotypes. This criticism is strengthened by the fact that very few female characters in the book are given any depth or agency. Moreover, the book is rife with scenes of violence and rape against women, which has sparked accusations of glorifying these acts. However, supporters of the book argue that this is simply a reflection of the misogyny prevalent in society at the time, and Miller’s writing is a commentary on these issues rather than an endorsement.

Another controversy surrounding Tropic of Cancer is its portrayal of Paris in the 1930s. The book is often praised for its vivid depiction of the bohemian lifestyle and the gritty underbelly of the city. However, some critics argue that Miller’s portrayal is far from accurate and romanticizes poverty, drug use, and free love. They argue that this idyllic vision of Paris is a result of Miller’s personal biases and fails to capture the true essence of the city. However, others view the book as a snapshot of a particular time and place, and appreciate Miller’s unique perspective on Paris.

Despite the criticism and controversies surrounding Tropic of Cancer, it continues to have a dedicated fan base and is widely regarded as a significant piece of literature. The book’s exploration of themes such as sexuality, freedom, and identity are still relevant today, and Miller’s writing style continues to captivate readers. Moreover, the book paved the way for more daring and boundary-pushing literature, and its influence can be seen in many contemporary works.

In conclusion, Tropic of Cancer is a book that has sparked debates and divided opinions since its release. The book continues to receive backlash for its explicit language and perceived misogyny, but it also has its fair share of defenders who see it as a groundbreaking work of literature. While the controversies and criticisms surrounding the book cannot be ignored, it is important to understand the context in which it was written and appreciate it for its literary value. Tropic of Cancer is, after all, a product of its time, and its enduring legacy speaks volumes about its significance in the literary world.